框架式哈爾濱電磁鐵又稱箱(xiang)式電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)鐵(tie)(tie)，因為(wei)它的形狀是(shi)方(fang)(fang)形的。這種(zhong)框(kuang)架電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)鐵(tie)(tie)是(shi)一種(zhong)產(chan)生電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)的設備(bei)。當(dang)變(bian)壓(ya)器鐵(tie)(tie)心(xin)(xin)在(zai)外(wai)旋轉，其輸(shu)出功率與導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)繞組(zu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻一致時，帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流的線圈具(ju)有(you)與磁(ci)(ci)(ci)鐵(tie)(tie)相同的磁(ci)(ci)(ci)性。我(wo)們(men)通常(chang)把它做成條(tiao)狀或蹄狀，使(shi)(shi)它的變(bian)壓(ya)器鐵(tie)(tie)心(xin)(xin)更容易磁(ci)(ci)(ci)化(hua)。另外(wai)，為(wei)了使(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)鐵(tie)(tie)立(li)即斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)消磁(ci)(ci)(ci)，我(wo)們(men)經常(chang)采(cai)用快速消磁(ci)(ci)(ci)的軟鐵(tie)(tie)或硅鋼材料制作。這種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)鐵(tie)(tie)插(cha)上電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源就會(hui)有(you)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)性。當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源關閉時，磁(ci)(ci)(ci)場將消失。方(fang)(fang)形電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)鐵(tie)(tie)在(zai)我(wo)們(men)的日常(chang)生活中有(you)很多(duo)用途，因為(wei)它的產(chan)生也使(shi)(shi)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)組(zu)的輸(shu)出功率有(you)了很大(da)的提高(gao)。

電磁鐵交流原理

我們先來看(kan)看(kan)電(dian)磁(ci)(ci)鐵(tie)的(de)組成(cheng)(cheng)原理(li)：電(dian)磁(ci)(ci)鐵(tie)主要(yao)由線圈、鐵(tie)芯和電(dian)樞組成(cheng)(cheng)。鐵(tie)芯和電(dian)樞一(yi)般由軟(ruan)磁(ci)(ci)材(cai)料制成(cheng)(cheng)。一(yi)般分(fen)為直流電(dian)磁(ci)(ci)鐵(tie)和通信電(dian)磁(ci)(ci)鐵(tie)。通信電(dian)磁(ci)(ci)鐵(tie)的(de)原理(li)是什么(me)？

通訊電(dian)(dian)磁鐵(tie)線圈插入時(shi)，鐵(tie)芯和(he)電(dian)(dian)樞被磁化，變成兩個極性相反的(de)磁鐵(tie)。當(dang)吸附力(li)超過張(zhang)力(li)彈簧的(de)反作(zuo)用力(li)時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)樞轉向(xiang)點向(xiang)鐵(tie)心方向(xiang)移動(dong)。當(dang)線圈中的(de)電(dian)(dian)流低于(yu)一(yi)定值或電(dian)(dian)源中斷時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)磁吸收(shou)力(li)低于(yu)張(zhang)力(li)彈簧的(de)反作(zuo)用力(li)，電(dian)(dian)樞在反作(zuo)用力(li)的(de)作(zuo)用下會(hui)回到原來的(de)釋放方向(xiang)。

值得注意(yi)的是(shi)(shi)，通信(xin)電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)鐵的電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)吸收力(li)是(shi)(shi)由磁(ci)選(xuan)機(ji)的磁(ci)場(chang)和磁(ci)選(xuan)機(ji)的磁(ci)場(chang)組(zu)成的兩個交變電(dian)(dian)場(chang)的磁(ci)場(chang)力(li)加上直(zhi)流凈重作用的，更容(rong)易(yi)釋放，所以輸出(chu)功(gong)率低，變壓器(qi)鐵心(xin)體(ti)積大(da)，線圈(quan)能耗高；功(gong)率因(yin)數(shu)低，線圈(quan)電(dian)(dian)流大(da)，發熱嚴(yan)重，不僅浪(lang)費(fei)了電(dian)(dian)能，而且造成線圈(quan)老化破壞過早(zao)。很糟糕。因(yin)此，大(da)多(duo)數(shu)時候我(wo)們會選(xuan)擇(ze)直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)而不是(shi)(shi)通訊電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)鐵。