不同的(de)電(dian)磁鐵(tie)有著不同的(de)工作方式(shi)，推拉式(shi)電(dian)磁鐵(tie)和保(bao)持式(shi)電(dian)磁鐵(tie)也是不相同的(de)。

推拉式中山電磁鐵是(shi)利用(yong)一個線(xian)圈，在(zai)最小(xiao)的空間(jian)下產生(sheng)最大的磁(ci)力，組裝好的線(xian)圈包(bao)裝在(zai)一個金屬鐵管內，用(yong)高導磁(ci)率的鋼以(yi)達到最小(xiao)的尺寸與重(zhong)量(liang)產生(sheng)最大的吸引力。可(ke)動鐵心的設計是(shi)利用(yong)一個輔助磁(ci)路以(yi)增加輸出的力量(liang)20%~50%。

保持(chi)(chi)式(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)鐵(tie)利用了(le)永久磁(ci)鐵(tie)的(de)優勢。它的(de)操作原(yuan)則(ze)是(shi)類似所有的(de)線(xian)性電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)鐵(tie)。當線(xian)圈(quan)通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時，可(ke)動(dong)(dong)(dong)鐵(tie)心移動(dong)(dong)(dong)后，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)可(ke)動(dong)(dong)(dong)鐵(tie)心仍會停留在通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位置。原(yuan)因是(shi)因為永磁(ci)鐵(tie)會創造一(yi)個磁(ci)場來保持(chi)(chi)可(ke)動(dong)(dong)(dong)鐵(tie)心，通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后可(ke)切斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源，利用磁(ci)鐵(tie)保持(chi)(chi)以達到省電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效果。瞬間用大的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力，產生大的(de)力量后，靠(kao)磁(ci)鐵(tie)長時間保持(chi)(chi)使線(xian)圈(quan)不(bu)會因溫度過高而燒(shao)毀。

保持(chi)(chi)式電(dian)磁鐵分為(wei)單保持(chi)(chi)式電(dian)磁鐵和雙保持(chi)(chi)式電(dian)磁鐵兩類。

單(dan)保(bao)持(chi)式電磁(ci)(ci)鐵(tie)：使用了(le)永久磁(ci)(ci)鐵(tie)，永磁(ci)(ci)體位于框體的(de)一端，它(ta)的(de)工作(zuo)原理(li)與(yu)所(suo)有直線(xian)運動(dong)的(de)電磁(ci)(ci)鐵(tie)是(shi)相似的(de)，當線(xian)圈被擊力后(hou)，滑桿向(xiang)鐵(tie)芯移動(dong)，并最終停止在終點位置(zhi)，而當電源切斷(duan)之后(hou)，滑桿仍然保(bao)持(chi)在原來(lai)的(de)地方，如果使滑桿返回，必須施加(jia)反方向(xiang)電壓或電流，這(zhe)類電磁(ci)(ci)鐵(tie)都(dou)可以做成(cheng)拉入及推出兩(liang)種動(dong)作(zuo)形式。

雙(shuang)(shuang)保持(chi)式(shi)電(dian)磁(ci)(ci)鐵：單保持(chi)式(shi)電(dian)磁(ci)(ci)鐵只將(jiang)鐵芯保持(chi)在(zai)(zai)行程(cheng)(cheng)終端(duan)的(de)(de)一個(ge)位(wei)置(zhi)，而雙(shuang)(shuang)向保持(chi)電(dian)磁(ci)(ci)鐵采用雙(shuang)(shuang)線圈(quan)結構，永(yong)磁(ci)(ci)體位(wei)于兩(liang)個(ge)線圈(quan)之(zhi)間，能將(jiang)鐵芯保持(chi)在(zai)(zai)行程(cheng)(cheng)開始和行程(cheng)(cheng)終止的(de)(de)兩(liang)個(ge)不同位(wei)置(zhi)，且兩(liang)個(ge)位(wei)置(zhi)具有(you)同等的(de)(de)輸出力量。

單保(bao)(bao)持(chi)式(shi)電磁鐵(tie)：具(ju)有工作穩(wen)定精度(du)高，使用(yong)壽命(ming)長，省電節能(neng)環(huan)保(bao)(bao)等(deng)優勢。

雙(shuang)保(bao)持式電磁(ci)鐵：具有雙(shuang)向自保(bao)持的特性，省電節(jie)能(neng)環(huan)保(bao)等優勢(shi)。利(li)用(yong)瞬間脈(mo)沖電流大(da)(da)(da)功率啟動，產生較大(da)(da)(da)的初始(shi)力(li)，然后斷電自保(bao)持，且保(bao)持力(li)較大(da)(da)(da)，廣泛應用(yong)于直流充電槍電子鎖(suo)和交流插(cha)座電子鎖(suo)等。